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Table 4 Adjusted associations of neighborhood factors and pubertal outcomes (n = 213)

From: Does neighborhood environment influence girls' pubertal onset? findings from a cohort study

Neighborhood Variable

Before adjusting for BMI

After adjusting for BMI

 

HR(95% CI)

p-value

HR(95% CI)

p-value

Breast onset

    

   Mixed land use

1.01 (0.97-1.06)

0.54

1.01 (0.96-1.06)

0.67

   BMI

  

1.09 (1.03-1.15)

< 0.01

   Food and retail

1.01 (0.94-1.08)

0.87

1.01 (0.94-1.08)

0.75

   BMI

  

1.09 (1.03-1.15)

< 0.01

   Walkability

0.93 (0.82-1.06)

0.30

0.91 (0.8-1.04)

0.18

   BMI

  

1.09 (1.04-1.15)

< 0.01

   Recreation

0.91 (0.82-1.01)

0.09

0.89 (0.79-0.99)

0.03

   BMI

  

1.1 (1.04-1.16)

< 0.01

   Disorder

1.09 (0.91-1.29)

0.35

1.06 (0.89-1.27)

0.51

   BMI

  

1.09 (1.03-1.15)

< 0.01

Pubic hair onset

    

   Mixed land use

0.98 (0.94-1.03)

0.49

0.98 (0.94-1.03)

0.54

   BMI

  

1.08 (1.02-1.15)

0.01

   Food and retail

0.97 (0.9-1.05)

0.43

0.98 (0.91-1.05)

0.54

   BMI

  

1.08 (1.02-1.14)

0.01

   Walkability

0.89 (0.78-1.02)

0.09

0.90 (0.78-1.03)

0.11

   BMI

  

1.08 (1.02-1.14)

0.01

   Recreation

0.89 (0.79-1.01)

0.06

0.91 (0.81-1.03)

0.12

   BMI

  

1.08 (1.02-1.14)

0.01

   Disorder

0.97 (0.82-1.15)

0.72

0.95 (0.8-1.14)

0.60

   BMI

  

1.08 (1.03-1.15)

< 0.01

  1. All models were adjusted for ethnicity and income