Table 4 Provider knowledge: percent of providers who give correct responses to questions on newborn resuscitation, by provider type
Questions and correct responses* | Doctors (n = 82) | Midwives (n = 139) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
How would you diagnose birth asphyxia? | |||
Depressed breathing | 83.3 | 76.9 | 0.263 |
Heart rate below 100 beats per minutes | 56.6 | 50.8 | 0.416 |
Central cyanosis (blue tongue) | 92.3 | 89.6 | 0.508 |
Mean (SD) (3 items) | 57 (22.0) | 54.8 (19.3) | 0.487 |
What are the preliminary steps of newborn resuscitation? | |||
Place newborn face up | 74.5 | 78.2 | 0.524 |
Wrap or cover baby | 80.5 | 71.6 | 0.152 |
Position head so neck is slightly extended | 89.5 | 69.9 | 0.001 |
Aspirate mouth and then nose | 87.0 | 82.8 | 0.421 |
Explain to mother what is happening | 23.4 | 24.1 | 0.911 |
Mean (SD) (5 items) | 69.5 (23.0) | 66.1 (25.1) | 0.307 |
What do you do when resuscitating with a bag and mask or tube and mask? | |||
Place mask to cover chin, mouth and nose | 88.5 | 91.8 | 0.424 |
Ensure seal between mask and face | 72.7 | 64.7 | 0.229 |
Ventilate 1 or 2 times and see if chest is rising | 66.2 | 57.9 | 0.233 |
Ventilate 40 times per minute for 1 minute | 71.1 | 72.2 | 0.862 |
Pause to determine whether baby is breathing spontaneously | 44.2 | 40.9 | 0.647 |
Mean (SD) (5 items) | 66.9 (28.3) | 65.7 (29.5) | 0.794 |
What do you do if the baby is breathing and there is no sign of respiratory difficulty? | |||
Keep baby warm | 87.2 | 81.1 | 0.250 |
Initiate breastfeeding | 81.6 | 78.8 | 0.629 |
Continue monitoring the baby | 66.7 | 62.4 | 0.534 |
Mean (SD) (3 items) | 74.0 (30.6) | 73.9 (31.5) | 0.993 |
What do you do if the baby does not begin breathing, breathing is less than 30 per minute, or if there is intercostal retraction or grunting? | |||
Continue to ventilate | 71.1 | 75.6 | 0.475 |
Administer oxygen, if available | 92.3 | 79.7 | 0.015 |
Assess the need for special care | 36.8 | 40.9 | 0.563 |
Explain to mother what is happening | 36.4 | 30.1 | 0.348 |
Mean (SD) (4 items) | 57.6 (24.4) | 56.5 (25.7) | 0.752 |
Overall knowledge of newborn resuscitation (all 21 items) | 70.5 | 66.0 | 0.588 |