From: The influence of gestational age in the psychometric testing of the Bernese Pain Scale for Neonates
 |  | Rater A | Rater B | Rater C | Rater D | Rater E |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Phase | Means t1-t5 | Means t1-t5 | Means t1-t5 | Means t1-t5 | Means t1-t5 |
Range (Median) | Range (Median) | Range (Median) | Range (Median) | Range (Median) | ||
BPSN total-scale | Baseline | 0.89–1.14 (1.06) | 1.99–2.47 (2.21) | 1.31–1.51 (1.38) | 4.44–5.15 (4.98) | 4.66–4.97 (4.80) |
N = 81–142 | Heel Stick | 4.03–4.77 (4.14) | 5.98–6.98 (6.33) | 4.57–5.41 (4.87) | 8.15–9.53 (8.29) | 8.00–9.07 (8.52) |
Recovery | 1.84–2.30 (2.19) | 3.08–3.40 (3.22) | 2.37–2.67 (2.46) | 5.27–6.27 (6.06) | 5.37–5.99 (5.65) | |
Subjective subscale | Baseline | 0.89–1.14 (1.06) | 1.99–2.47 (2.21) | 1.31–1.51 (1.38) | 4.44–5.15 (4.98) | 4.66–4.97 (4.80) |
N = 82–142 | Heel Stick | 2.51–2.82 (2.68) | 4.64–4.96 (4.73) | 3.00–3.35 (3.31) | 6.59–7.47 (6.84) | 6.65–7.04 (6.90) |
Recovery | 1.17–1.63 (1.45) | 2.39–2.76 (2.51) | 1.70–1.97 (1.77) | 4.59–5.60 (5.28) | 4.66–5.26 (4.94) | |
Sleeping | Baseline | 0.23–0.28 (0.23) | 0.39–0.43 (0.41) | 0.42–0.51 (0.47) | 1.04–1.28 (1.19) | 0.89–1.10 (1.05) |
N = 95–143 | Heel Stick | 0.39–0.45 (0.42) | 0.75–0.91 (0.89) | 0.55–0.63 (0.60) | 1.19–1.29 (1.23) | 1.35–1.46 (1.41) |
Recovery | 0.20–0.32 (0.30) | 0.40–0.49 (0.41) | 0.41–0.51 (0.42) | 1.02–1.31 (1.19) | 0.89–1.08 (1.06) | |
Crying | Baseline | 0.02–0.06 (0.06) | 0.04–0.09 (0.07) | 0.04–0.10 (0.06) | 0.06–0.11 (0.09) | 0.07–0.12 (0.09) |
N = 96–143 | Heel Stick | 0.21–0.30 (0.24) | 0.30–0.43 (0.36) | 0.31–0.42 (0.37) | 0.35–0.47 (0.42) | 0.36–0.48 (0.43) |
Recovery | 0.02–0.06 (0.03) | 0.03–0.10 (0.06) | 0.03–0.11 (0.07) | 0.05–0.11 (0.06) | 0.04–0.12 (0.09) | |
Consolation | Baseline | 0.02–0.06 (0.05) | 0.05–0.10 (0.09) | 0.04–0.12 (0.07) | 0.77–1.07 (0.97) | 0.03–0.12 (0.08) |
N = 96–143 | Heel Stick | 0.21–0.32 (0.21) | 0.31–0.48 (0.43) | 0.28–0.43 (0.33) | 1.19–1.48 (1.26) | 0.35–0.55 (0.46) |
Recovery | 0.00–0.07 (0.02) | 0.03–0.13 (0.06) | 0.01–0.15 (0.09) | 0.68–0.99 (0.85) | 0.02–0.14 (0.11) | |
Skin colour | Baseline | 0.02–0.06 (0.04) | 1.00–1.27 (1.11) | 0.02–0.06 (0.03) | 0.86–1.06 (0.97) | 1.51–1.67 (1.61) |
N = 96–143 | Heel Stick | 0.05–0.08 (0.07) | 1.19–1.29 (1.26) | 0.03–0.05 (0.03) | 0.99–1.36 (1.07) | 1.55–1.79 (1.69) |
Recovery | 0.00–0.06 (0.04) | 1.05–1.18 (1.13) | 0.02–0.04 (0.03) | 0.89–1.09 (1.04) | 1.48–1.69 (1.53) | |
Facial expression | Baseline | 0.16–0.29 (0.24) | 0.17–0.29 (0.19) | 0.22–0.32 (0.25) | 0.73–0.86 (0.75) | 0.83–0.89 (0.87) |
N = 95–143 | Heel Stick | 0.50–0.64 (0.61) | 0.61–0.69 (0.64) | 0.60–0.65 (0.63) | 1.01–1.13 (1.06) | 1.08–1.18 (1.12) |
Recovery | 0.19–0.33 (0.24) | 0.09–0.19 (0.17) | 1.16–0.26 (0.23) | 0.62–0.79 (0.69) | 0.80–0.89 (0.87) | |
Posture | Baseline | 0.33–0.49 (0.40) | 0.27–0.36 (0.30) | 0.45–0.49 (0.48) | 0.93–1.04 (0.99) | 1.15–1.29 (1.19) |
N = 97–143 | Heel Stick | 0.55–0.67 (0.60) | 0.69–0.80 (0.78) | 0.57–0.71 (0.70) | 1.17–1.24 (1.20) | 1.38–1.45 (1.41) |
Recovery | 0.32–0.43 (0.34) | 0.20–0.34 (0.32) | 0.37–0.46 (0.41) | 0.80–0.94 (0.87) | 1.06–1.20 (1.19) | |
Breathing | Heel Stick | 0.47–0.57 (0.50) | 0.32–0.65 (0.54) | 0.61–0.72 (0.65) | 0.50–0.69 (0.64) | 0.39–0.62 (0.47) |
N = 84–142 | Recovery | 0.35–0.54 (0.45) | 0.31–0.46 (0.40) | 0.40–0.63 (0.58) | 0.49–0.64 (0.53) | 0.31–0.58 (0.41) |
Raw Scores | Baseline | 26.7–27.9 (27.6) | 25.7–26.9 (25.8) | 27.8–29.5 (28.1) | 26.0–26.9 (26.6) | 28.4–30.1 (29.5) |
Breathing | Heel Stick | 28.6–29.2 (28.5) | 26.1–27.8 (27.0) | 28.2–29.9 (28.9) | 27.2–28.3 (27.5) | 29.4–30.4 (30.0) |
N = 91–142 | Recovery | 27.0–28.7 (27.7) | 25.3–27.1 (26.2) | 27.4–29.3 (28.3) | 26.4–27.4 (26.6) | 28.9–30.1 (29.7) |