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Table 2 Neurophysiologic and MRI findings of study subjects

From: Practice variation in anti-epileptic drug use for neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy among regional NICUs

 

All

No Seizure

EEG Seizure

Clinical Seizure

p-value

 

1658

947

472

239

 

aEEG at 24 h♯ (n,%)

494 (29.8)

259 (27.4)

141 (29.9)

94 (39.3)

0.001*

 Normal

82 (16.6)

69 (26.6)

6 (4.3)

7 (7.5)

<0.001*

 Moderately abnormal

223(45.1)

119 (46.0)

76 (53.9)

28 (29.8)

 

 Severely abnormal

86 (17.4)

25 (9.7)

37 (26.2)

24 (25.5)

 

 Unknown

103(20.9)

46 (17.8)

22 (15.6)

35 (37.2)

 

cEEG within 24 h♯ (n,%)

1131(68.2)

707 (74.7)

310 (65.7)

238 (99.6)

<0.001

 Short

135 (11.9)

79 (11.2)

28 (9.0)

28 (24.6)

<0.001

 Continuous

95 (8.4)

54 (7.6)

24 (7.7)

17 (14.9)

 

 Video

901 (79.7)

574 (81.2)

258 (83.2)

69 (60.53)

 

Diagnosis type

     

 Normal

172 (15.2)

148 (20.9)

15 (4.8)

9 (7.9)

<0.001*

 Abnormal

959 (84.8)

559 (79.1)

295 (95.2)

105 (92.1)

 

Background

     

 Burst suppression

123 (10.9)

27 (3.8)

82 (26.5)

14 (12.3)

<0.001*

 Continuous (Normal)

233 (20.6)

195 (27.6)

21 (6.8)

17 (14.9)

 

 Discontinuous

620 (54.8)

410 (58.0)

157 (50.7)

53 (46.5)

 

 Isoelectric / Flat

103 (9.1)

44 (6.2)

34 (11.0)

25 (21.9)

 

 Stated unknown

52 (4.6)

31 (4.4)

16 (5.2)

5 (4.4)

 

MRI findings+ (n,%)

1450

831

415

204

 

 Hemorrhage

303 (20.9)

166 (20.0)

103 (24.8)

34 (16.7)

0.039*

 Stroke

107 (7.4)

46 (5.5)

45 (10.8)

16 (7.8)

0.003*

 White matter injury

236 (16.3)

98 (11.8)

98 (23.6)

40 (19.6)

<0.001*

 Deep grey matter injury

284 (19.6)

84 (10.1)

147 (35.4)

53 (26.0)

<0.001*

 Cortical injury

183 (12.6)

41 (4.4)

115 (27.7)

27 (13.2)

<0.001*

 Normal

524 (36.1)

400 (48.1)

72 (17.4)

52 (25.5)

<0.001*

  1. Abbreviations: EEG electroencephalographic, MRI magnetic resonance imaging
  2. ♯Based on patients for whom aEEG or cEEG data were available; some patients received both aEEG and full EEG (cEEG); aEEG was not consistently displayed on full EEG; aEEG reflects cerebral function monitor output
  3. +Based on patients for whom MRI findings were available
  4. *p-value <=0.05