Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the dyad participants (N = 30)
Characteristics | Control (n = 15) | Intervention (n = 15) |
|---|---|---|
Primary carers | ||
Age (years) † [range: 23–43] | 33.40 (3.74) | 32.80 (4.60) |
Female gender | 15 (100%) | 15 (100%) |
Relationship with the infant participant | ||
Mother | 15 (100%) | 15 (100%) |
Previous loss of pregnancy or a child | ||
No | 9 (60.0%) | 7 (46.7%) |
Yes | 6 (40.0%) | 8 (53.3%) |
Educational level | ||
Secondary school or below | 9 (60.0%) | 10 (66.7%) |
University or above | 6 (40.0%) | 5 (33.3%) |
Employment status | ||
Housewife | 9 (60.0%) | 8 (53.3%) |
Employed | 6 (40.0%) | 7 (46.7%) |
Number of adults living together | ||
≤ 2 | 10 (66.7%) | 12 (80.0%) |
> 2 | 5 (33.3%) | 3 (20.0%) |
Need to look after other children at the same time | ||
No | 6 (40.0%) | 6 (40.0%) |
Yes | 9 (60.0%) | 9 (60.0%) |
Domestic helper at home | ||
No | 10 (66.7%) | 12 (80.0%) |
Yes | 5 (33.3%) | 3 (20.0%) |
Infants | ||
Gestational age at birth (weeks) † [range: 23.71–31.86] | 29.70 (1.57) | 27.46 (2.71)* |
Birth weight (g) † [range: 596–1890] | 1337.73 (302.43) | 1057.40 (416.60)* |
Singleton or multiple birth | ||
Singleton | 12 (80.0%) | 15 (100%) |
Multiple birth | 3 (20.0%) | 0 |
Gender | ||
Female | 6 (40.0%) | 6 (40.0%) |
Male | 9 (60.0%) | 9 (60.0%) |
Mode of delivery | ||
Normal spontaneous delivery | 8 (53.3%) | 10 (66.7%) |
Others | 7 (46.7%) | 5 (33.3%) |
Any complications^ | ||
No | 6 (40.0%) | 5 (33.3%) |
Yes | 9 (60.0%) | 10 (66.7%) |