Table 3 The associations between characteristics of caregivers and their knowledge of, practice of, and adherence to medication administration
Variables | Knowledge | Practice | Adherence | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adequate n = 101 | Inadequate n = 40 | P-valuea | Appropriate n = 117 | Inappropriate n = 24 | P-valuea | Adherence n = 117 | Non-adherent n = 24 | P-valuea | |
Caregivers mean age (SD) | 36.32 (5.90) | 34.58 (6.05) | 0.119b | 35.93 (6.05) | 35.29 (5.63) | 0.634b | 35.85 (5.96) | 35.71 (6.14) | 0.918b |
Relationship with the child | 0.515 | 0.744 | 0.353 | ||||||
Mother | 93 (72.7) | 35 (27.3) | 105 (82.0) | 23 (18.0) | 104 (81.2) | 24 (18.8) | |||
Father | 7 (58.3) | 5 (41.7) | 11 (91.7) | 1 (8.3) | 12 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) | |||
Relatives | 1 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) | |||
Receiving help from | 0.861 | 0.296 | 0.660 | ||||||
Another parent | 38 (69.1) | 17 (30.9) | 49 (89.1) | 6 (10.9) | 45 (81.8) | 10 (18.2) | |||
Other family members | 20 (74.1) | 7 (25.9) | 21 (77.8) | 6 (22.2) | 24 (88.9) | 3 (11.1) | |||
None | 43 (72.9) | 16 (27.1) | 47 (79.7) | 12 (20.3) | 48 (81.4) | 11 (18.6) | |||
Highest educational level | 0.100 | 0.139 | 0.571 | ||||||
No formal / Primary education | 2 (33.3) | 4 (66.7) | 5 (83.3) | 1 (16.7) | 5 (83.3) | 1 (16.7) | |||
Secondary education | 62 (74.4) | 21 (25.3) | 73 (88.0) | 10 (12.0) | 71 (85.5) | 12 (14.5) | |||
Tertiary education | 37 (71.2) | 15 (28.8) | 39 (75.0) | 13 (25.0) | 41 (78.8) | 11 (21.2) | |||
Occupation | 0.067 | 0.093 | 0.220 | ||||||
Stay-home parents | 50 (79.4) | 13 (20.6) | 56 (88.9) | 7 (11.1) | 55 (87.3) | 8 (12.7) | |||
Working caregiver | 51 (65.4) | 27 (34.6) | 61 (78.2) | 17 (21.8) | 62 (79.5) | 16 (20.5) | |||
Marital status | 1.000 | 0.270 | 0.270 | ||||||
Married | 97 (71.9) | 38 (28.1) | 113 (83.7) | 22 (16.3) | 113 (83.7) | 22 (16.3) | |||
Single | 4 (66.7) | 2 (33.3) | 4 (66.7) | 2 (33.3) | 4 (66.7) | 2 (33.3) | |||
Duration in medications administration, months | 0.829 | 0.074 | 0.788 | ||||||
≤ 12 | 26 (68.4) | 12 (31.6) | 28 (73.7) | 10 (26.3) | 31 (81.6) | 7 (18.4) | |||
> 12 | 75 (72.8) | 28 (27.2) | 89 (86.4) | 14 (13.6) | 86 (83.5) | 17 (16.5) | |||
Requiring help to read medication labels? | 0.539 | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||||
Never | 97 (72.4) | 37 (27.6) | 110 (82.1) | 24 (17.9) | 110 (82.1) | 24 (17.9) | |||
Rarely | 2 (66.7) | 1 (33.3) | 3 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) | |||
Always | 0 (0.0) | 1 (100.0) | 1 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) | |||
Never reading | 2 (66.7) | 1 (33.3) | 3 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) | |||
Where else do you get your medications? | 0.928 | 0.461 | 0.020 | ||||||
Only this hospital | 84 (70.6) | 35 (29.4) | 99 (83.2) | 20 (16.8) | 102 (85.7) | 17 (14.3) | |||
Other government funded hospital/clinic | 9 (75.0) | 3 (25.0) | 11 (91.7) | 1 (8.3) | 10 (83.3) | 2 (16.7) | |||
Private pharmacy/clinic/ hospital | 8 (80.0) | 2 (20.0) | 7 (70.0) | 3 (30.0) | 5 (50.0) | 5 (50.0) | |||
Number of medications administered | 0.863 | 0.191 | < 0.001 | ||||||
1 | 42 (72.4) | 16 (27.6) | 51 (87.9) | 7 (12.1) | 56 (96.6) | 2 (3.4) | |||
≥ 2 | 59 (71.1) | 24 (28.9) | 66 (79.5) | 17 (20.5) | 61 (73.5) | 22 (26.5) | |||
Children age group, years | 0.791 | 0.012 | 0.480 | ||||||
≤ 5 | 53 (72.6) | 20 (27.4) | 55 (75.3) | 18 (24.7) | 59 (80.8) | 14 (19.2) | |||
> 5 | 48 (70.6) | 20 (29.4) | 62 (91.2) | 6 (8.8) | 58 (85.3) | 10 (14.7) | |||
Children gender | 0.962 | 0.744 | 0.054 | ||||||
Male | 56 (71.8) | 22 (28.2) | 64 (82.1) | 14 (17.9) | 69 (88.5) | 9 (11.5) | |||
Female | 45 (71.4) | 18 (28.6) | 53 (84.1) | 10 (15.9) | 48 (76.2) | 15 (23.8) | |||
Number of Chronic diseases | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.075 | ||||||
One type | 99 (71.1) | 39 (28.3) | 114 (82.6) | 24 (17.4) | 116 (84.1) | 22 (15.9) | |||
Two types | 2 (66.7) | 1 (33.3) | 3 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (33.3) | 2 (66.7) | |||