Characteristics | Mean (SD) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Children (n = 613) | Early Adolescence group (n = 876) | Middle Adolescence group (n = 929) | |
Age (years) | 8.04 (0.93) | 11.03 (0.84) | 14.40 (1.26)a |
Weight (kg) | 32.79 (8.65) | 45.27 (12.14) | 58.24 (12.76)a |
Height (m) | 1.33 (0.08) | 1.50 (0.08) | 1.63 (0.09)a |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 18.35 (3.57) | 20.08 (4.42) | 21.82 (3.79)a |
Neck circumference (cm) | 28.13 (2.39) | 30.19 (2.84) | 32.58 (2.81)a |
Cardiorespiratory fitness (m) | 832.17 (141.92) | 860.64 (171.42) | 950.34 (223.95)a |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 97.01 (11.46) | 103.62 (11.86) | 111.55 (11.88)a |
Glucose (mmol/L) | 4.75 (0.36) | 4.92 (0.37) | 4.92 (0.39)a |
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.75 (0.28) | 1.52 (0.27) | 1.43 (0.26)a |
Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 0.74 (0.33) | 0.80 (0.35) | 0.81 (0.37)a |
Cardiometabolic risk (z-score) | −0.38 (2.34) | −0.32 (2.40) | −0.09 (2.24)a |
n (%) | |||
Sex | |||
Male | 291 (47.5) | 367 (41.9) | 413 (44.5) |
Feminine | 322 (52.5) | 509 (58.1) | 516 (55.5) |
Cardiorespiratory fitness | |||
Healthy | 451 (73.6) | 374 (42.7) | 274 (29.5)a |
Risk | 162 (26.4) | 502 (57.3) | 655 (70.5) |
Maturational stage | |||
Pre-pubertal | 367 (61.6)* | 116 (13.7) | 14 (1.5) |
Initial development | 151 (25.3) | 301 (35.6)* | 80 (8.7) |
Continuous maturation (stage III and IV) | 63 (10.6) | 399 (47.2) | 652 (71.1)a |
Maturated | 15 (2.5) | 29 (3.4) | 171 (18.6)a |
Ethnicity | |||
White | 510 (83.7) | 677 (77.8) | 705 (76.5)a |
Black | 40 (6.6) | 68 (7.8) | 64 (6.9) |
Brown/mulatto | 59 (9.7) | 116 (13.3) | 138 (15.0)a |
Indigenous | 0 (0.0) | 4 (0.5) | 8 (0.9) |
Yellow | 0 (0.0) | 5 (0.6) | 7 (0.8) |